In short: The hay fever medicines recommended first in the UK, non-drowsy antihistamines, steroid nasal sprays and anti-allergy eye drops, have a good safety record when used as directed. The main things to watch are drowsiness with some antihistamines, overuse of decongestant sprays, and choosing the right product in pregnancy, breastfeeding and for children. A pharmacist or prescriber can help you pick the safest option for you.

This guide, written by a Ready Health prescribing pharmacist, explains the safety points that matter most for each type of hay fever treatment.

Are antihistamine tablets safe?

Antihistamines block histamine, one of the main chemicals released during an allergic reaction. They come in two broad groups:

Non-drowsy (newer) antihistamines: usually taken once a day and suitable for most adults. A small number of people still feel drowsy, so see how one affects you before driving.
Sedating (older) antihistamines: more likely to cause drowsiness, slower reactions and a "hangover" effect the next day. They are generally not preferred for hay fever, and the effect is made worse by alcohol.

It is an offence to drive if a medicine impairs your driving, so read the leaflet and avoid driving if you feel drowsy.

Are steroid nasal sprays safe to use every day?

Yes, for most people. Steroid nasal sprays act mainly inside the nose and very little is absorbed into the rest of the body, which is why they can be used daily through the pollen season. Possible side effects include nose irritation, dryness, a mild nosebleed or an unpleasant taste. Good technique, aiming the nozzle slightly away from the centre of the nose, reduces irritation and nosebleeds.

Some steroid sprays are available from pharmacies for adults; others are prescription-only. If you use other steroid medicines, such as asthma inhalers or skin creams, mention this to your pharmacist or prescriber.

What about decongestant sprays?

Decongestant nasal sprays can clear a blocked nose quickly, but they should only be used for a few days at a time. Longer use can cause "rebound" congestion, where the nose becomes more blocked when you stop. Decongestant tablets are not suitable for everyone, for example some people with high blood pressure or heart problems, so check with a pharmacist.

Are eye drops safe?

Anti-allergy eye drops are a useful addition when itchy, watery eyes are the main problem. Some cannot be used with soft contact lenses in, so check the leaflet. See a clinician urgently if you have eye pain, reduced vision or sensitivity to light, as these are not typical hay fever symptoms.

Which hay fever medicines are suitable in pregnancy and breastfeeding?

Try non-medicine measures first, such as reducing pollen exposure and saline nasal rinses. If treatment is needed, some antihistamines and nasal sprays are generally considered suitable, but the choice depends on your circumstances. Always ask a pharmacist, midwife or GP before using a hay fever medicine while pregnant or breastfeeding.

Can children use hay fever medicines?

Yes, but age limits and doses differ between products, and many medicines sold in pharmacies are licensed only for older children or adults. Use children's formulations and dosing, and ask a pharmacist if you are unsure. See a GP if a child's symptoms affect sleep, school or breathing.

Are there hay fever treatments that are not recommended?

Long-acting steroid injections are not licensed for hay fever in the UK and are not recommended in UK guidance. Unlike a nasal spray, they act on the whole body for several weeks and cannot be removed once given. Risks include dents or thinning of the skin and fat at the injection site, raised blood sugar, mood and sleep changes, reduced resistance to infection, temporary suppression of the body's own steroid hormones and, with repeated use, bone thinning.

Frequently asked questions

Can I take two different antihistamine tablets together?

Generally no. Taking two oral antihistamines together is not recommended unless a clinician advises it. Combining a tablet with a steroid nasal spray or eye drops is common and usually fine.

Can I drive after taking hay fever tablets?

Many people can, but some antihistamines cause drowsiness. Do not drive if you feel drowsy or your reactions are slowed.

Is it safe to use a steroid nasal spray all season?

For most adults, yes, when used at the recommended dose. Review your treatment with a pharmacist or GP if you need it all year round.

How do I report a side effect?

Tell your pharmacist or GP. You can also report suspected side effects to the MHRA Yellow Card scheme.

Key takeaways

Non-drowsy antihistamines, steroid nasal sprays and eye drops are the first-line, well-established hay fever treatments.
Check for drowsiness before driving, and avoid alcohol with sedating antihistamines.
Use decongestant sprays for a few days only.
Ask for advice in pregnancy, when breastfeeding and for children.
If first-line treatments are not working, ask for a review rather than doubling up on medicines.

Sources and further reading

Last reviewed: October 2026 by Shamir Patel, Independent Prescribing Pharmacist, Ready Health. This article is general information and does not replace advice from your own clinician.

If you are unsure which hay fever treatment is right for you, you can book a hay fever consultation at Ready Health in Standish, Wigan. A prescriber will review your symptoms, medical history and current medicines and explain suitable options. Any prescription is only issued if a prescriber decides it is clinically appropriate.